Ointments hydrophilic

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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Definition
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Ointments which consist of a mixture of liquid, low-molecular and solid, higher-molecular macrogols (= polyethylene glycols) and whose consistency is determined by the proportion of higher-molecular polyethylene glycols. As a rule, they are anhydrous (water absorption capacity approx. 15-20%, then liquefaction); they do not require preservation.

Pharmacodynamics (Effect)
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Non-greasy; easily washed off the skin; hydrophilic; osmotic activity against wound secretions; swelling with good diffusion and release capacity for incorporated, dissolved active ingredients.

Field of application/use
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Ointment base for antiseptic and antimycotic formulations.

Incompatibility
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  • Light and oxygen lead to the formation of peroxide, which is further converted into aldehydes.
  • Phenolic substances are chemically bound, partial inactivation of the active ingredient, precipitation at higher concentrations.
  • Anthrazole, dithranol, oleum thyme, oxytetracycline-HCl, pyrogallol, resorcinol, silver nitrate, sulfonamides and tannin lead to discoloration.
  • Aluminium chloride and anthrarobin may lead to solidification.
  • Bacitracin and penicillin are inactivated.
  • Mercury and silver salts are reduced.
  • Liq. alum. acet. and terpine hydrate lead to liquefaction.
See Table 1.

Tables
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Compatibility of drugs in macrogol ointment (polyethylene glycol ointment)

Acridine flavinium chloride 2%

dexamethasone 0,1%

neomycin sulfate 0,5%.

allantoin 0,5%

Dexpanthenol 5%

Nicotinic acid benzyl ester 3%.

Ammonium bituminosulphonate 10

Dimetine maleate 1%

nitrofurazone 0,2%

Amphotericin B 3%

Dimeticone 10%

Nystatin 100 000 IU/g

azulene 0,2%

Diphenhydramine HCl 2%

Oleum Pini 1,5

Bamipine HCl 2%

Erythromycin 2%

Pheniramine hydrogen maleate 1,25%

benzalkonium chloride 0,5%.

Ethacridine lactate 1%

Polidocanol 3%

Benzocaine 10%

Eucalyptol 10%

Polyvidon iodine 10%

Benzoic acid 5%

Gentamicin sulphate 0,2

Procaine HCl 2%

Benzoyl peroxide 5%

Urea 10% Urea

Sulphur 5%

Benzyl alcohol 10%

Hydrarg. sulf. rubr. 1%

Sorbic acid 0,1% of

betamethasone-17-valerate 0,1%

hydrocortisone 1%

Sulphadiazine 5%

Bufexamac 5%

hydroxyquinoline sulfate 0,5%.

sulfisomidine 5%

calcium chloride 5%

potassium iodide 3,5%.

tetracaine HCl 0,5

cetylpyridinium chloride 0,5

Camphor 5%

Tetracycline HCl 1%

Chloramine T 5%

Cod liver oil 10%

Tinctura Myrrh 3%

Chloramphenicol 1%

Liq. Carb. deterg. 10%

tretinoin 0.1%

Chlorophenoxamine-HCl 1,5% Chlorophenoxamine-HCl 1,5% Chlorophenoxamine

Menthol 5%

triamcinolone acetonide 0,1

Chlortetracycline HCl 3%

Merbromine 2%

tyrothricin 0,1%

Chrysarobin 5%

Methyl salicylate 5%

Undecylenic acid 5%

Clioquinol 5%

Lactic acid 5

Zinc oxide 10

clotrimazole 1%

Sodium chloride 10

Zinc undecylenate 5%

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020