D-Penicillamine

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 22.04.2021

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Definition
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Penicillin cleavage product.

Half-life
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1–3 h

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Indication
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Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic scleroderma, M. Wilson, heavy metal poisoning (lead, mercury, arsenic, copper, zinc).

Limited indication
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Age > 65 years, severe infections (temporarily suspend therapy).

Dosage and method of use
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Remember! Pregnancy must be ruled out before starting therapy. Under the therapy, women must undergo effective contraception!

  • Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic scleroderma: initial 150 mg/day p.o., increase by 150 mg/day every 14 days up to 600 mg/day, in the absence of effect further increase up to max. 900-1200 mg/day. At the onset of action, slow dose reduction to a maintenance dose of 300-600 mg/day. Clinical improvement usually occurs only after 2-3 months of therapy. Therapy is discontinued if there is no significant improvement after 3-4 months of taking 900-1200 mg/day.
  • M. Wilson: 10-20 mg/kg bw/day p.o.
  • Heavy metal poisoning: Initial 4 times/day 250-500 mg p.o. with slow dose reduction.

Standard concentration
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2.5% in shampoos for the treatment of green hair discoloured by copper contact.

Undesirable effects
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Interactions
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See Table 1.

Contraindication
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Pregnancy, lactation, penicillin hypersensitivity, severe disorders of the hematopoietic system, syst. Lupus erythematosus or high-titre ANAs, simultaneous gold or chloroquine therapy, liver parenchyma damage, renal insufficiency.

Preparations
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Metalcaptase

Patientinformation
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Remember! Take the tablets sober and spread out over the day!

Tables
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Major interactions of penicillamine

Auranofin

mutual toxicity ↑

Azathioprine

Penicillamine toxicity ↑

Butazone

Blood formation disorders, kidney damage, avoid combination

Chloroquine

Blood formation disorders, avoid combination

Gold preparations

Blood formation disorders, kidney damage, avoid combination

Cytostatic drugs

Blood formation disorders, kidney damage

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Last updated on: 22.04.2021